Chest Drain Dressing

A chest drain dressing is a sterile covering applied at the insertion site of a chest tube (or intercostal catheter) to prevent infection, maintain tube position, and absorb any leakage. Proper dressing technique is crucial to minimize complications like infection or dislodgement.

Components of a Chest Drain Dressing:

1. Sterile Gauze – Placed around the tube insertion site to absorb exudate.
2. Transparent Semi-Permeable Film Dressing (e.g., Tegaderm™, Opsite™) – Provides a waterproof barrier while allowing visualisation of the site.
3. Petroleum Jelly Gauze (e.g., Xeroform™) – Sometimes used around the tube to create an airtight seal.
4. Adhesive Tape or Securement Device – Fixates the chest tube to prevent accidental removal.
5. Antimicrobial Ointment (optional) – Some protocols use antibiotic ointment (e.g., povidone-iodine) at the insertion site.

Step-by-Step Dressing Application:

1. Hand Hygiene & Sterile Technique – Wash hands and wear sterile gloves.
2. Clean the Site – Use sterile saline or antiseptic (e.g., chlorhexidine) to clean around the insertion site.
3. Apply Petroleum Gauze (if used) – Around the tube for an airtight seal.
4. Place Sterile Gauze – Over the insertion site to absorb drainage.
5. Cover with Transparent Film – Secures the gauze and allows monitoring.
6. Secure the Tube – Use tape or a commercial tube holder to prevent movement.
7. Label the Dressing – Note date, time, and initials.

When to Change the Dressing:

• If soiled, loose, or wet.
• Per institutional protocol (often every 24–72 hours).
• If signs of infection (redness, pus, increased pain).

Key Considerations:

• Ensure occlusive seal to prevent pneumothorax.
• Monitor for infection, tube dislodgement, or excessive drainage.
• Follow hospital/institutional guidelines for specific products.